+0.50 Building an FM radio from $3 radio chip and an 84MHz ARM Arduino (hackaday.io S:+0.30 )
69 points by 9wzYQbTYsAIc 1240 days ago | 30 comments on HN | Moderate positive Contested Product · v3.7 · 2026-02-26 04:11:24 0
Summary Creative Expression & Knowledge Sharing Advocates
This Hackaday.io project page documents a DIY Arduino-based FM radio design, demonstrating technical creativity and knowledge sharing aligned with Articles 19 and 27 (freedom of expression and participation in cultural life). The platform structurally enables peer collaboration and creative attribution, though account gating partially restricts universal access to interactive features. Overall, the content advocates for maker culture and open technical knowledge dissemination.
Article Heatmap
Preamble: +0.30 — Preamble P Article 1: ND — Freedom, Equality, Brotherhood Article 1: No Data — Freedom, Equality, Brotherhood 1 Article 2: ND — Non-Discrimination Article 2: No Data — Non-Discrimination 2 Article 3: ND — Life, Liberty, Security Article 3: No Data — Life, Liberty, Security 3 Article 4: ND — No Slavery Article 4: No Data — No Slavery 4 Article 5: ND — No Torture Article 5: No Data — No Torture 5 Article 6: ND — Legal Personhood Article 6: No Data — Legal Personhood 6 Article 7: ND — Equality Before Law Article 7: No Data — Equality Before Law 7 Article 8: ND — Right to Remedy Article 8: No Data — Right to Remedy 8 Article 9: ND — No Arbitrary Detention Article 9: No Data — No Arbitrary Detention 9 Article 10: ND — Fair Hearing Article 10: No Data — Fair Hearing 10 Article 11: ND — Presumption of Innocence Article 11: No Data — Presumption of Innocence 11 Article 12: ND — Privacy Article 12: No Data — Privacy 12 Article 13: ND — Freedom of Movement Article 13: No Data — Freedom of Movement 13 Article 14: ND — Asylum Article 14: No Data — Asylum 14 Article 15: ND — Nationality Article 15: No Data — Nationality 15 Article 16: ND — Marriage & Family Article 16: No Data — Marriage & Family 16 Article 17: ND — Property Article 17: No Data — Property 17 Article 18: ND — Freedom of Thought Article 18: No Data — Freedom of Thought 18 Article 19: +0.70 — Freedom of Expression 19 Article 20: +0.47 — Assembly & Association 20 Article 21: ND — Political Participation Article 21: No Data — Political Participation 21 Article 22: ND — Social Security Article 22: No Data — Social Security 22 Article 23: ND — Work & Equal Pay Article 23: No Data — Work & Equal Pay 23 Article 24: ND — Rest & Leisure Article 24: No Data — Rest & Leisure 24 Article 25: ND — Standard of Living Article 25: No Data — Standard of Living 25 Article 26: -0.05 — Education 26 Article 27: +0.72 — Cultural Participation 27 Article 28: ND — Social & International Order Article 28: No Data — Social & International Order 28 Article 29: ND — Duties to Community Article 29: No Data — Duties to Community 29 Article 30: ND — No Destruction of Rights Article 30: No Data — No Destruction of Rights 30
Negative Neutral Positive No Data
Aggregates
Editorial Mean +0.50 Structural Mean +0.30
Weighted Mean +0.43 Unweighted Mean +0.43
Max +0.72 Article 27 Min -0.05 Article 26
Signal 5 No Data 26
Volatility 0.29 (High)
Negative 1 Channels E: 0.6 S: 0.4
SETL +0.28 Editorial-dominant
FW Ratio 63% 19 facts · 11 inferences
Evidence 10% coverage
5M 1L 25 ND
Theme Radar
Foundation Security Legal Privacy & Movement Personal Expression Economic & Social Cultural Order & Duties Foundation: 0.30 (1 articles) Security: 0.00 (0 articles) Legal: 0.00 (0 articles) Privacy & Movement: 0.00 (0 articles) Personal: 0.00 (0 articles) Expression: 0.59 (2 articles) Economic & Social: 0.00 (0 articles) Cultural: 0.34 (2 articles) Order & Duties: 0.00 (0 articles)
HN Discussion 11 top-level · 15 replies
hulitu 2022-10-09 15:59 UTC link
> Building an FM radio from $3 radio chip and an 84MHz ARM Arduino

The article is great. He just forgot to explain how and why (84 Mhz microcontroller for a FM radio ? ) he did it. /s

anaganisk 2022-10-09 21:37 UTC link
Didn’t RPI have In built capability to do that? I built a cheap streaming system, back when bluetooth wasn’t so main stream to make “piplay” for my stereo in car with Pi2.
amelius 2022-10-09 21:49 UTC link
... based on the TEA5767 radio module.

So this is more a lesson in how to wire things together than it is in how FM radio even works.

zython 2022-10-09 22:11 UTC link
and for my next trick I'm going to make a slingshot with only two parts: a slingshot and a squirrel
gregsadetsky 2022-10-09 22:20 UTC link
Would anyone be able to recommend the most beginner friendly “assume (almost) no knowledge” of how to implement an fm radio using 1) a dsp “pipeline” 2) analog electronics?

If I wanted to understand every single step of the dsp process and what each individual piece of electronics did in “decoding” a fm signal, where should I turn to?

Thank you!

thakoppno 2022-10-09 22:58 UTC link
People in the US who find this interesting should spend the ~$50 to get licensed for amateur and buy a UV5R radio.

There is just so much one can do and learn with these cheap radios. In many ways, it’s the raspberry pi of radio.

reaperducer 2022-10-09 23:10 UTC link
An old WWII veteran who built the on-board CCTV system on a ship in the Pacific once walked me through making an AM radio that worked with no battery — just the power of the radio waves, themselves. Like what today powers RFID chips.

It took him maybe ten minutes of soldering probably six or eight components he pulled out of a box of junk parts.

He grounded the thing by sticking a nail into a wall socket.

It helped that this was in a small town with only a couple of AM signals, so fine-tuning wasn't all that necessary.

THENATHE 2022-10-10 01:08 UTC link
In 1930-something, my grandfather built a passive radio to use on his family farmhouse without electricity. He ran a wire all the way from the basement (where he happened to get the best signal and for other reasons) all the way to his attic room, and would stay up late all night listening to the radio with his brother. An aside, but this article made me think of this fun little story.
lloydatkinson 2022-10-10 06:32 UTC link
84MHz? ARM? Talk about over engineering. As the FM receiver IC in this project uses I2C you could do this with an AVR even, such as the 328P, as found in the Arduino Nano. The Arduino Due used here is double the price of the Nano.
lormayna 2022-10-10 06:54 UTC link
You can also make a shortwave receiver in a similar way with a SI473x chip. It's a bit more expensive, but it can demodulate also SSB.
djmips 2022-10-10 22:31 UTC link
Original version mentioned in this blog/video. https://www.changpuak.ch/electronics/Arduino-Shield-WACHARA1...
9wzYQbTYsAIc 2022-10-09 17:38 UTC link
Another day, another hack, is the hackaday way.
9wzYQbTYsAIc 2022-10-09 21:51 UTC link
I’m not sure, it might.

As I recall, some ARM SoC have FM radios in them.

edit: ah, it was the Qualcomm modems that I was recalling

https://www.wired.com/2016/07/phones-fm-chips-radio-smartpho...

teeray 2022-10-09 22:02 UTC link
The TEA5767 is a full FM broadcast receiver on a chip. So yeah, it’s really just how to wire up that chip, connect it to an audio amplifier (LM4811), etc. If you want to learn how radios work, I’d recommend many of the learning materials out there for amateur radio.
9wzYQbTYsAIc 2022-10-09 22:15 UTC link
The enclosure design was interesting - not 3d printed, unfortunately, but still looks remarkably clean.

And the choice of user interface was interesting to see - a single rotary encoder reminiscent of the days of the iPod.

But, yes, definitely more about how to wire together (physically and digitally) the components of a consumer product than about how FM radio chips work or how to build your own radio from crystals, etc.

jrockway 2022-10-09 22:25 UTC link
FM radio receivers were a staple of those electronic kits I used to play with as a kid. Here's what a quick Google search shows: https://www.electronicsforu.com/electronics-projects/simple-...

The difference in complexity between this and something commercial are extras like decoding the stereo subcarrier and applying the data to the main signal: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/FM_broadcasting#Stereo_FM

bdowling 2022-10-09 22:30 UTC link
Sort of. The Raspberry Pi CPU had a configurable clock generator that could output up to about 125MHz to a GPIO line. Some people figured out that it was possible to rapidly change the configuration registers to modulate an audio signal onto a carrier frequency in the FM broadcast range. [0] So you could make a low power FM transmitter using just a Raspberry Pi and a piece of wire.

[0] http://www.icrobotics.co.uk/wiki/index.php/Turning_the_Raspb...

squarefoot 2022-10-09 22:39 UTC link
That in fact is quite overkill; probably it was what he had at hand. That FM chip can be controlled by any uC capable of bitbanging i2c, so pretty much every cheap one including small ATTiny uCs that cost one tenth of the Arduino Due.
9wzYQbTYsAIc 2022-10-09 23:25 UTC link
You might get a kick out of this: “I bought 1000 meters of wire to settle a physics debate” https://m.youtube.com/watch?v=2Vrhk5OjBP8
myself248 2022-10-10 00:00 UTC link
A crystal-set radio was a LOT of people's introduction to electronics, I remember building one with my dad at age 6 or so. We were a fair distance from the station so the signal was faint, but the earphone reproduced enough to hear the news and most importantly, the station call letters.

They really are extremely simple things, and you can use the base-emitter structure in any BJT if you don't have a discrete diode around. The trick is knowing how many turns of wire to put on the inductor, but if you're stuck in a foxhole for who-knows-how-long, you have time for a lot of trial and error.

teeray 2022-10-10 01:51 UTC link
I’ve mentioned this on another sibling comment, but amateur radio is where you need to look. It took me about 6 months of casual study to go through all three license classes (tech took me like 2 weeks), and you learn quite a bit about everything you’ve mentioned in the process. More than that, you gain a license which allows you to legally experiment with this stuff.
Baeocystin 2022-10-10 02:17 UTC link
I've heard secondhand mutterings that the amateur radio doesn't like the Baofeng radios due to stomping over other frequencies when in use. Is this just expected internet kvetching, or is there more to it than that? I am interested in learning more, but I don't feel like running in to any more hostility in my hobbies. Genuine question.
deevious 2022-10-10 09:04 UTC link
The wire from the basement was for an earth ground, he probably had another antenna wire either in the attic or going outside. Check out Galena detector radios.
bdcravens 2022-10-10 14:30 UTC link
Yes, my grandfather did the same thing (a bit earlier, probably late 1910s or early 20s, as he was born in 1908). He used a cyclindrical oatmeal box and wound copper around it to make a tuner. The story was immortalized in a book the Texas Governor's Committee on Again published in the 70s.

https://www.amazon.com/Texas-Sampler-Donna-Bearden-Frucht/dp...

Editorial Channel
What the content says
+0.65
Article 27 Cultural Participation
Medium Advocacy Practice
Editorial
+0.65
SETL
+0.31

Project demonstrates participation in technical and creative culture; FM radio design represents engagement with electronics as shared cultural practice.

+0.60
Article 19 Freedom of Expression
Medium Advocacy Practice
Editorial
+0.60
SETL
+0.24

Project embodies technical expression and information sharing; detailed documentation of DIY radio design enables knowledge dissemination.

+0.50
Article 20 Assembly & Association
Medium Advocacy Practice
Editorial
+0.50
SETL
+0.16

Project demonstrates voluntary participation in a collaborative technical community; creator chose to share work publicly.

+0.40
Article 26 Education
Medium Framing Practice
Editorial
+0.40
SETL
+0.49

Project represents technical education and creative knowledge development; DIY electronics design supports learning and skill acquisition.

+0.35
Preamble Preamble
Medium Advocacy Framing
Editorial
+0.35
SETL
+0.19

Project description emphasizes collaborative knowledge sharing and creative technical expression through open-source hardware design.

ND
Article 1 Freedom, Equality, Brotherhood

No observable content addressing equality or dignity principles.

ND
Article 2 Non-Discrimination

No observable content addressing discrimination or distinction.

ND
Article 3 Life, Liberty, Security

No observable content addressing life, liberty, or personal security.

ND
Article 4 No Slavery

No observable content addressing slavery or servitude.

ND
Article 5 No Torture

No observable content addressing torture or cruel treatment.

ND
Article 6 Legal Personhood

No observable content addressing right to recognition before law.

ND
Article 7 Equality Before Law

No observable content addressing equality before the law.

ND
Article 8 Right to Remedy

No observable content addressing legal remedies.

ND
Article 9 No Arbitrary Detention

No observable content addressing arbitrary detention.

ND
Article 10 Fair Hearing

No observable content addressing right to fair hearing.

ND
Article 11 Presumption of Innocence

No observable content addressing presumption of innocence.

ND
Article 12 Privacy

No observable content addressing privacy, family, or correspondence.

ND
Article 13 Freedom of Movement

No observable content addressing freedom of movement.

ND
Article 14 Asylum

No observable content addressing asylum or refuge.

ND
Article 15 Nationality

No observable content addressing nationality.

ND
Article 16 Marriage & Family

No observable content addressing marriage or family rights.

ND
Article 17 Property

No observable content addressing property rights.

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Article 18 Freedom of Thought

No observable content addressing freedom of thought, conscience, or religion.

ND
Article 21 Political Participation

No observable content addressing participation in governance or democratic processes.

ND
Article 22 Social Security

No observable content addressing social security or welfare rights.

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Article 23 Work & Equal Pay

No observable content addressing labor rights or employment.

ND
Article 24 Rest & Leisure

No observable content addressing rest, leisure, or reasonable work hours.

ND
Article 25 Standard of Living

No observable content addressing health, food, clothing, or housing.

ND
Article 28 Social & International Order
Low Practice

No observable content addressing social and international order.

ND
Article 29 Duties to Community

No observable content addressing duties to community or limitations on rights.

ND
Article 30 No Destruction of Rights

No observable content addressing protection of UDHR itself.

Structural Channel
What the site does
Element Modifier Affects Note
Legal & Terms
Privacy
Privacy policy not examined on-domain; no observable privacy signals on project page itself.
Terms of Service
Terms of service not examined on-domain; community guidelines not directly observable on project page.
Identity & Mission
Mission +0.15
Article 19 Article 27
Hackaday.io mission emphasizes open-source hardware and knowledge sharing; platform enables creative expression and technical collaboration.
Editorial Code
No editorial code or journalism standards observed; community-driven project platform.
Ownership
Ownership structure not examined on-domain.
Access & Distribution
Access Model -0.05
Article 26
Free-to-view project page with optional account creation; some features (follow, like, discuss) require membership.
Ad/Tracking
Advertising/tracking mechanisms not directly observable from provided content.
Accessibility -0.10
Article 26
Sign-up modal and account gating present; some content may be restricted without account creation, limiting universal access.
+0.50
Article 19 Freedom of Expression
Medium Advocacy Practice
Structural
+0.50
Context Modifier
+0.15
SETL
+0.24

Platform enables users to publish projects, engage in discussion, and share technical knowledge; account gating partially limits structural accessibility.

+0.50
Article 27 Cultural Participation
Medium Advocacy Practice
Structural
+0.50
Context Modifier
+0.15
SETL
+0.31

Platform enables creative expression and cultural participation through project publication, community engagement, and attribution of work to creator.

+0.45
Article 20 Assembly & Association
Medium Advocacy Practice
Structural
+0.45
Context Modifier
0.00
SETL
+0.16

Platform enables voluntary association through project participation, following, and community membership; sign-up modal suggests optional membership.

+0.25
Preamble Preamble
Medium Advocacy Framing
Structural
+0.25
Context Modifier
0.00
SETL
+0.19

Platform architecture enables peer collaboration and community participation, though account gating limits universal access to some features.

-0.20
Article 26 Education
Medium Framing Practice
Structural
-0.20
Context Modifier
-0.15
SETL
+0.49

Account gating restricts full participation in platform features (following, liking, discussion) without membership; this limits structural accessibility to education.

ND
Article 1 Freedom, Equality, Brotherhood

No observable structural signals related to equality or dignity.

ND
Article 2 Non-Discrimination

No observable structural signals related to non-discrimination.

ND
Article 3 Life, Liberty, Security

No observable structural signals related to safety or personal security.

ND
Article 4 No Slavery

No observable structural signals related to forced labor.

ND
Article 5 No Torture

No observable structural signals related to harmful practices.

ND
Article 6 Legal Personhood

No observable structural signals related to legal personality.

ND
Article 7 Equality Before Law

No observable structural signals related to legal protection.

ND
Article 8 Right to Remedy

No observable structural signals related to dispute resolution.

ND
Article 9 No Arbitrary Detention

No observable structural signals related to detention or imprisonment.

ND
Article 10 Fair Hearing

No observable structural signals related to judicial procedure.

ND
Article 11 Presumption of Innocence

No observable structural signals related to criminal justice.

ND
Article 12 Privacy

Sign-up modal and account gating present, but no specific privacy violations documented.

ND
Article 13 Freedom of Movement

No observable structural signals related to travel or residence.

ND
Article 14 Asylum

No observable structural signals related to asylum or safe haven.

ND
Article 15 Nationality

No observable structural signals related to national belonging.

ND
Article 16 Marriage & Family

No observable structural signals related to family or marriage.

ND
Article 17 Property

Project files are presented as creator-owned; no structural signals regarding property dispossession.

ND
Article 18 Freedom of Thought

No observable structural signals related to belief or conscience.

ND
Article 21 Political Participation

No observable structural signals related to political participation.

ND
Article 22 Social Security

No observable structural signals related to social protection systems.

ND
Article 23 Work & Equal Pay

No observable structural signals related to work conditions or employment protections.

ND
Article 24 Rest & Leisure

No observable structural signals related to leisure or work-life balance.

ND
Article 25 Standard of Living

No observable structural signals related to health or basic needs.

ND
Article 28 Social & International Order
Low Practice

Platform's open-source mission and international reach suggest some infrastructure for realizing human rights, though article-level content is absent.

ND
Article 29 Duties to Community

No observable structural signals related to community duties.

ND
Article 30 No Destruction of Rights

No observable structural signals preventing rights-restricting activities.

Supplementary Signals
How this content communicates, beyond directional lean. Learn more
Epistemic Quality
How well-sourced and evidence-based is this content?
0.57 low claims
Sources
0.6
Evidence
0.5
Uncertainty
0.4
Purpose
0.8
Propaganda Flags
No manipulative rhetoric detected
0 techniques detected
Emotional Tone
Emotional character: positive/negative, intensity, authority
measured
Valence
+0.5
Arousal
0.3
Dominance
0.4
Transparency
Does the content identify its author and disclose interests?
0.50
✓ Author
More signals: context, framing & audience
Solution Orientation
Does this content offer solutions or only describe problems?
0.69 solution oriented
Reader Agency
0.7
Stakeholder Voice
Whose perspectives are represented in this content?
0.40 2 perspectives
Speaks: individuals
About: community
Temporal Framing
Is this content looking backward, at the present, or forward?
present unspecified
Geographic Scope
What geographic area does this content cover?
global
Complexity
How accessible is this content to a general audience?
moderate medium jargon domain specific
Longitudinal · 5 evals
+1 0 −1 HN
Audit Trail 25 entries
2026-02-28 14:39 model_divergence Cross-model spread 0.41 exceeds threshold (4 models) - -
2026-02-28 14:39 eval_success Lite evaluated: Neutral (0.00) - -
2026-02-28 14:39 eval Evaluated by llama-3.3-70b-wai: 0.00 (Neutral)
reasoning
Tech tutorial no rights stance
2026-02-26 23:07 eval_success Light evaluated: Neutral (0.00) - -
2026-02-26 23:07 eval Evaluated by llama-4-scout-wai: 0.00 (Neutral)
2026-02-26 20:10 dlq Dead-lettered after 1 attempts: Building an FM radio from $3 radio chip and an 84MHz ARM Arduino - -
2026-02-26 20:09 rate_limit OpenRouter rate limited (429) model=llama-3.3-70b - -
2026-02-26 20:08 rate_limit OpenRouter rate limited (429) model=llama-3.3-70b - -
2026-02-26 17:36 dlq Dead-lettered after 1 attempts: Building an FM radio from $3 radio chip and an 84MHz ARM Arduino - -
2026-02-26 17:34 rate_limit OpenRouter rate limited (429) model=llama-3.3-70b - -
2026-02-26 17:33 rate_limit OpenRouter rate limited (429) model=llama-3.3-70b - -
2026-02-26 17:32 rate_limit OpenRouter rate limited (429) model=llama-3.3-70b - -
2026-02-26 14:29 eval_success Evaluated: Neutral (0.09) - -
2026-02-26 14:29 eval Evaluated by deepseek-v3.2: +0.09 (Neutral) 8,946 tokens
2026-02-26 09:10 dlq Dead-lettered after 1 attempts: Building an FM radio from $3 radio chip and an 84MHz ARM Arduino - -
2026-02-26 09:09 dlq Dead-lettered after 1 attempts: Building an FM radio from $3 radio chip and an 84MHz ARM Arduino - -
2026-02-26 09:07 rate_limit OpenRouter rate limited (429) model=mistral-small-3.1 - -
2026-02-26 09:07 rate_limit OpenRouter rate limited (429) model=hermes-3-405b - -
2026-02-26 09:06 rate_limit OpenRouter rate limited (429) model=mistral-small-3.1 - -
2026-02-26 09:06 rate_limit OpenRouter rate limited (429) model=hermes-3-405b - -
2026-02-26 09:05 rate_limit OpenRouter rate limited (429) model=hermes-3-405b - -
2026-02-26 09:05 rate_limit OpenRouter rate limited (429) model=mistral-small-3.1 - -
2026-02-26 09:04 dlq Dead-lettered after 1 attempts: Building an FM radio from $3 radio chip and an 84MHz ARM Arduino - -
2026-02-26 04:11 eval Evaluated by claude-haiku-4-5-20251001: +0.41 (Moderate positive) 11,313 tokens +0.22
2026-02-26 03:05 eval Evaluated by claude-haiku-4-5-20251001: +0.19 (Mild positive) 12,505 tokens